BlackHat security

Insert the CD and start the system with your openSUSE 11.0 Live CD. Select openSUSE 11.1 from the boot menu. This should start the live CD and take you straight into the desktop.

Here you can have a quick preview without having to install openSUSE 11.1. Once, you are ready, click “Install” icon on the desktop. This should start the YaST installer.

Language and Keyboard layout selection

Select your Language and Keyboard layout and place a check mark against “I Agree to the License Terms” and click Next.

Timezone setup
Set your Time zone and then if you do not want to have the clock to set to UTC, untick the box for it and click Next.

Paritioning setup
Select the disk layout and choose if you want Parition based setup or Logical Volume Management (LVM). Here you can also modify the default partitioning by clicking “Edit Partition Setup”. When settings are choosen, click Next

Setup new user

Create a user by entering the user details, username password etc. Select the checkbox “Use this password for system administration” if you want the root password to be the same as this users (not recommended) and if you want toreceive system emails select “Receive system email” and finally “Automatic Logon” if you want to logon automatically at the boot time (without having to enter the password). Once you have entered the details click Next

Now go through the installation summary and if you are all happy, click Install on the confirmation window.

This should start the installation beginning with paritioning, create file systems and start installing.

Once the installation is complete, click OK on the message box to reboot the computer. While it restarts ensure that the CD is removed from the drive. This should restart and run the autoconfiguration wizard. Once complete, you should be let into your newly installed openSUSE 11.1 Beta 3 with KDE4 desktop environment.

Your new glossy KDE4 desktop on openSUSE 11.1 Beta4

Enjoy!!! As you would note, openSUSE 11.1 Beta 4 is still in Beta use it for tests only and report any bugs to the development team here.

Once It starts booting from CD you should see similar to the following screen here select your language and press enter

Here you need to select “Install ubuntu” option and press enter

Ubuntu jaunty installation loading in progress

Select your language for ubuntu installation click on forward

Select your region and city.In this example i am using Europe region,London city and click on forward.

Select your keyboad layout in this example i am using United Kindom and click on forward

Now you can See the following screen with the disks available in your machine here you need to create partitions in this example you can see the 8GB of space for this installation here i am going create a single partition,if you want to create manually use the other option you need to click on forward.

Note:- this is only example partition.In your installation you have to choose specify partitions manually and swap partition should assigned

Next you need to create User name, password and computer name you can also choose if you want to login automatically or not

If you enter weak password you should see similar to the following screen

List of information available for installation here you need to click on install to start the installation.

If you want to see advanced option screen in the above step as follows

Partitions formatting in progress

Installing ubuntu jaunty system in progress

Installation Completed Succesfully and you need to restart the system by clicking “Restart Now”

Once it boots you should see similar to the following screen to login

Conclusion :- The ubuntu jaunty installation process was much improved compared to old versions and i hope first time users feel very easy to install.

After Installing Ubuntu Lets Continue With Installing Additional Componets To Make Ubuntu Experience Better...

Note: In the following guide I use gnome-terminal and apt-get to install some programs. However if you prefer you can use Synaptic Package Manager. You will find it under System -> Administration -> Synaptic Package Manager. Just search for the package I mention, click on it to mark it for installation and click Apply.

1. Proprietary Applications

* Ubuntu Restricted Extras

2. Multimedia

* Audio and Video Playback

* DVD Playback

* SMPlayer

* VLC

3. Eye Candy

* Change Usplash Theme

* Compiz Fusion

* Conky

* Screenlets

4. Internet Applications

* Firewall

* Google Earth

* Skype

* XChat - IRC Client

5. System Applications

* Gnome Do

6. Java

* Sun Java Runtime Environment (JRE) and Firefox Java Plugin

* Sun Java Development Kit (JDK)

This guide a personal configuration of Fedora 11, a Linux distribution built on free and open source software. This page is to provide some common installation tips that people may find useful on desktops, laptops, and servers, The installation system is easy to use even if you lack previous knowledge of Linux or computer networks.

Keep in mind this works for me, so take care in doing proper backups to critical files whenever trying something. This guide was simultaneously authored testing a AMD64 Desktop running both i386 (32-bit) Fedora and x86_64 (64-bit) Fedora. (The specific system(s) also dual boot with either Windows XP, Windows Vista or Windows 7).

Installation Media

Fedora 11 is provided as either CD-ROM's or DVD-ROM's for installation. You can either download the multiple CD sets or single DVD for installation. The DVD-ROM disk is preferred and recommended method of installation. Booting the DVD or booting from CD#1 will start the installer which will allow Fedora to be installed on your computer or for you to upgrade an existing Fedora on your machine. The following steps were done with the single DVD installation.

There are also "LiveCD's" which can be booted and will run a basic Fedora 11 in memory while also providing a simpler method of installation (not as complete at the DVD or multi-CD method). The default LiveCD ships with Gnome (eg: F11-i686-Live.iso). There is a specific LiveCD that ships with KDE. Both provide an installer however they come with significantly less software than the DVD. Also they require more memory in order to be usable. The LiveCD may be useful for demonstration.

Note: To upgrade an existing Fedora installation you cannot use a Live disk.

Physical Installation

It is highly recommended you read the Fedora Release Notes and official Installation Guide before installing Fedora.

An additional recommendation is to read Common Problems before installing.

Obtain the Fedora 11 DVD image or multi-CD set images from a Fedora mirror (or use the torrent) and burn to DVD. (For more information on how to download FedoraCD's or DVD).

Boot from the DVD. If you choose to use a LiveCD please note that the following steps will differ.

NOTE: The Fedora 11 Installer (anaconda) is very minimal and most configuration steps will need to be done post-installation.

I did a Custom Install of Fedora 11.

• Network Setup
  Fedora uses NetworkManager for automatically configuring the network for installation. Users will only be prompted to set their 'hostname'. Setting network parameters must be done post install.
• Date/Time Zone
  Deselect "System clock uses UTC" if you are dual booting.
• Root password
  This is your "Administrator" or "Superuser" password that lets you access everything on your system. Pick a good password and remember it.
• Partitioning
  • If you have an empty hard drive or wish to delete the entire contents of your drive, then let the installer automatically partition or remove everything and partition.
  • If you wish to dual-boot or save some contents on your drive, then select "Create custom layout". I recommend at least 3 partitions: an 8-12GB / main partition, a 10+GB /home partition and a 1-2GB swap partition. The main partition is where your applications will be installed. The /home partition will hold all your personal data (make this as large as you can). The swap partitions should be at least as large as your physical memory (if you wish to support things like ACPI hibernate) but I recommend making it at least 1.5 times your memory.
  • NOTE (/var): If you are a web developer and intend to use services like ftp, apache and database services quite a bit (like I do, I would recommend that you set up another partition to hold this data. Another option would be to ensure that the said services work within your home directory. Check out this guide to set that up!
  • NOTE (EXT4): Fedora 11 uses the relatively new EXT4 instead of the more common EXT3 filesystem. If Fedora is the only operating system on your machine this should be fine. If you use other Linux operating systems, chain-load GRUB or share data across partitions you should double check EXT4 support in those other systems. For the time being, I am using EXT3.
• Boot Loader
  • If you have a blank harddrive or wish Fedora to be your Primary Operating System, then leave the default options here. This also works for dual booting with other systems (eg: Windows).
  • If you wish to preserve Windows as your primary operating system, then you can use either of the below options.
    • Use the default option if installing Grub in the MBR. Fedora should be able to detect other operating systems on the hard disk and provide you with a list of installed operating systems and you can select windows or another installed operating systems as the default option gor Grub.
    • Install Grub on the / (root) partition. To do this, select Change device on the Install boot loader screen and install to First sector of boot partition. This is advisable if you use other want to use other boot loaders to load Fedora. eg Bootpart which can be used from Windows XP to load Linux. An alternative to Bootpart is the NT OS Loader + Linux mini-HOWTO (also Grub Win2K Howto). Vista users can use the Vista Boot Manager following the Port25 Vista Boot Manager Howto. I recommend this so you do not corrupt your Windows installation in a Dual-Boot environment. This does take more work.
• General Package Selection
  The primary options for installation are the following. You can select these and skip individual package selection (next step) if you plan to install most of your software from online (via YUM). It is recommended you at least pick certain applications.
  • Office and Productivity - [Highly Recommended]
  • Software Development - [Highly Recommended / Required]
  • Web Server - [Optional (useful for web developers)]

  Add Additional Software Repositories - [NOT Recommended at Install time]. You do have the option of adding helpful repositories during install. This will give access to MANY more applications than included on the CD's or DVD. However this requires a high-speed internet access that is detected by the Fedora Installer. This will also significantly increase the installation time.

  If you select Customize now you will be taken to the Individual Package Selection. The Fedora installer will usually have most of the necessary defaults already selected (with the exception of "KDE"), however you may skip this step.

• Individual Package Selection - apx 5-5.5GB. - It is significantly helpful to grab a some specific important packages (to reduce unnecessary downloading later). You are free to select whatever you want. The following in my experience are common useful suggestions:
  • Desktop Environments
    • [Highly Recommended] - Select both GNOME Desktop Environment and KDE (K Desktop Environment)
  • Applications - The default selection of applications is sufficient. Note the following:
    • [Recommended] - Graphical Internet - Add thunderbird as an email client.
    • [Recommended] - Sound and Video - Add k3b for CD/DVD creation.
  • Servers
    • [Recommended] - Add Server Configuration Tools.
    • [Highly Recommended] - Add Windows File Server (required to share files with Windows computers).

Install the selected packages and reboot.

For users who opted to install grub on the first sector of the / (root) partition instead of the MBR, you will be required to follow one of the above guides on either setting up Windows XP or Windows Vista to boot Fedora.

For the first boot:

• License - Accept any licenses for Fedora
• Create User - Create at least 1 user account for yourself. Always use that account. DO NOT use root as your personal account. The root account will NOT be permitted to login into the graphical desktop.
• Date and Time - Network Time Protocol - Enable this ONLY if you have an active working internet connection that is on. You do not need to check the time server every time the service starts.
• Hardware Profile - Fedora uses smolt to provide basic non-intrusive information on your specific installation. While this may be helpful to Fedora developers, some may consider it a privacy issue. Please understand what information is being sent before you allow it to do so. I personally do not send profile information.

Setup sudo

Fedora, like all other Linux distributions, has a root user and has individual users. The root is the "superuser", somewhat similar to "Administrator" in Windows.

Use the personal account you created at First Boot for daily use root only for administration/configuration. To run as 'root' use su or sudo commands. However sudo requires setup. As root run:

echo 'loginname ALL=(ALL) ALL' >> /etc/sudoers

Where 'loginname' is your user account.

Use 'ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL' if you don't want to be prompted a password.

If you are prompted for a password with 'sudo' it is the user password,not root.

Example:

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ su

Password: <--- Enter root password

[root@yourcomputer you]# echo 'you ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL' >> /etc/sudoers

[root@yourcomputer you]# exit

exit

The following is an example of how sudo lets you execute root commands:

[you@yourcomputer ~] du -sh /root

du: `/root': Permission denied <--- Fails!!!

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo du -sh /root

163M /root <--- Works!!!

NOTE: Every command provided on this page will work if you remove sudo from the command. However this requires you must be logged in as 'root'. An alternative to using sudo is to use su – or su to login as root, before executing a command.

Network Management

Network Not Online

If you install by CD or DVD the network will not be online by default. To fix this, make the either of the following changes:

Option 1: EDIT: /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 and change ONBOOT=no to ONBOOT=yes.

Option 2: In Gnome, [Right-Click] on the Networking icon in the top left of the toolbar.

Select Edit Connections....
Select System eth0 and click Edit... (enter 'root' password when prompted)
Check Connect automatically and click Apply.

Disabling NetworkManager and Enabling network Service

NetworkManager should work for most configurations. If you still require the older network service the following notes are kept.

First disable NetworkManager and prevent it from automatically loading.

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo /etc/init.d/NetworkManager stop

Stopping NetworkManager daemon: [ OK ]

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo /sbin/chkconfig --level 35 NetworkManager off

Next, configure your network settings:

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo system-config-network

You should have an eth0 device already showing. To configure the IP settings click on Edit. Make sure to de-select Controlled by NetworkManager.

Do not forget to set DNS on the DNS tab (if you're using fixed IP's). Make sure the eth0 is selected. Then File > Save and quit.

Next, enable the service and make sure it loads at next boot:

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo /etc/init.d/network start

Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]

Bringing up interface eth0: [ OK ]

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo /sbin/chkconfig --level 35 network on

Some related information can be found on the Fedora Wiki.

Setup yum

Fedora uses yum to install and update its software. When connected to the internet it will automatically determine application dependencies.

Fedora Repositories

Fedora typically has 2 repositories enabled by default: fedora (the same packages that come on any combination of the CD's or DVD's) and updates (updated packages, newer than fedora repository).

YUM Plugins

While yum has many plugins available, the fastestmirror plugin speeds up downloads by attempting to find faster sources. Also, Fedora 11 and newer, include support for yum-presto which should try to download only updated portions of packages instead of the full package during updates. To install either:

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo yum install yum-plugin-fastestmirror

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo yum install yum-presto

Third Party Repositories

For applications that are against Fedora policies (MP3, DVD, MPEG, Binary Drivers, etc), a third party repository should be used. The recommended repository for Fedora is: RPMFusion. For the purpose of this guide, (most) all needs are met by the RPMFusion repository, other requirements are stated.

To set up the RPMFusion repositories:

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo rpm -ivh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-stable.noarch.rpm

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo rpm -ivh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-stable.noarch.rpm

Install RealPlayer

Note: Currently these instructions only apply to Fedora 32-bit.

Download RealPlayer 11.0 GOLD from: http://www.real.com/linux/.

Select: "Advanced Installation Options RedHat Package"

Install RealPlayer:

[you@yourcomputer Download]$ sudo rpm -ivh RealPlayer11GOLD.rpm

RealPlayer/HelixPlayer Forums: https://helixcommunity.org/projects/player/forums

NOTE: Totem issues: If the Totem-Mozilla-Plugin tries to load RealPlayer content instead of RealPlayer, try removing the plugin:

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo yum remove totem-mozplugin

Install MP3 Players

Fedora ships without any form of MP3 playback. In order to add MP3 playback you must install from a 3rd party. The following requires the use of the RPMFusion repositories.

Audacious: (A fork of Beep Media Player - BMP). XMMS rebuilt to be a little bit more modern. Still basic but much better than XMMS.

• Installation through yum:

  [mirandam@charon ~]$ sudo yum install audacious audacious-plugins-freeworld*

  NOTE: There is a '*' at the end.

Rhythmbox/Gstreamer - A simple audio application similar to iTunes layout.

• Most of Rhythmbox and the Gstreamer system should be installed when installing Gnome (mentioned above). The missing components are just the MP3 (and other media) plugins.


• Installation through yum:

  [you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo yum install rhythmbox gstreamer-plugins-ugly gstreamer-plugins-bad gstreamer-ffmpeg

Amarok - A modern feature rich media player application.

• It is helpful to have KDE installed first as this will reduce the download.


• Installation through yum:

  [you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo yum install amarok xine-lib-extras-freeworld

Note: PulseAudio - I was able to run all the above applications with either their default settings or using PulseAudio plugins enabled.

Install Media Players

Fedora ships with a limited set of media player for both audio and video. For audio please read the MP3 player notes. For video and other multimedia (DVD, etc.) we will also be making use of a 3rd party repository: RPMFusion. Make sure to have the RPMFusion repositories configured before executing the following. Note that many"dependancies" in libraries, plugins and codecs are shared between these applications and also the MP3 player applications.

The most popular media players (in order) are: MPlayer, Xine and VLC. Each has its own strengths. Install whichever you prefer although the first 2 are recommended.

MPlayer - MPlayer comes in a command line only interface (mplayer) or skinable GUI and it also has a powerful encoding tool MEncoder (also great for ripping or compressing audio/video). Additionally there is a highly functional web plugin allowing for many popular formats in Firefox/Mozilla (WMV, QuickTime, etc.).

• Installation through yum with RPMFusion enabled:

  [you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo yum install mplayer mplayer-gui gecko-mediaplayer mencoder

• Note that mencoder is optional but provides many encoding functions.


• Binary Codecs: Please install the Binary Codecs for further support of formats that MPlayer does not directly support.


• MPlayer should work automatically defaulted to PulseAudio.

Xine - Xine is similar to MPlayer in many ways however lacking the command line application and encoder. However has fully supported DVD playback with proper navigation.

• Installation through yum with RPMFusion enabled:

  [you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo yum install xine xine-lib-extras xine-lib-extras-freeworld

• Binary Codecs: Please install the Binary Codecs for further support of formats that Xine does not directly support.
• DVD Playback: To properly play DVDs please see DVD Playback.

Binary Codecs - The MPlayer projects maintains a package full of binary codecs for which no directly open source option exists, some of these files include Windows DLL's. These are shared by both Xine and MPlayer. NOTE: There is significant variation depending on your architecture (i386, x86_64, ppc). This step is really only beneficial to 32bit i386 users.

• Navigate to: http://www.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/releases/codecs/


• Select the package (.tar.bz2) best matching your version of Fedora/Architecture. Generally 32-bit users will use: all-20071007.tar.bz2.


• Install the codecs (32-bit for example):

  [you@yourcomputer Download]$ sudo mkdir -p /usr/lib/codecs

  [you@yourcomputer Download]$ sudo tar -jxvf all-20071007.tar.bz2 --strip-components 1 -C /usr/lib/codecs/

VLC - VLC is a simpler media player with an easy to use interface. It also supports DVD playback. While most needs should be met with Xine and MPlayer some prefer VLC.

• Installation through yum with RPMFusion enabled:

  [you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo yum install vlc

• DVD Playback: To properly play DVDs please see DVD Playback.

DVD Playback - Due to non-technical reasons, the libdvdcss package currently exists in the Livna repository. Either use the Livna repository for this single package, or manually download and install it:

• Setup the Livna Repository:

  [you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo rpm -ivh http://rpm.livna.org/livna-release.rpm

  [you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-livna



• Installation through yum with Livna enabled:

  [you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo yum install libdvdcss

Note: PulseAudio - I was able to run all the above applications with either their default settings or using PulseAudio plugins enabled.

Disable Unneeded Services/Daemon:

Information regarding services and their functions can be found on: Services in Fedora 11.

For information on how to manage services in Fedora please read: Managing Services in Fedora.

Adobe Flash Plugin

The Adobe Flash plugin is available from Adobe's website. Users should use Adobe's YUM repository (recommended).

Installation on Fedora 32-bit

Install the Adobe YUM repository:

[you@yourcomputer Download]$ sudo rpm -ivh http://linuxdownload.adobe.com/adobe-release/adobe-release-i386-1.0-1.noarch.rpm

[you@yourcomputer Download]$ sudo rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-adobe-linux

Install the plugin:

[you@yourcomputer Download]$ sudo yum install flash-plugin

Installation on Fedora 64-bit

Fedora 64-bit users have 2 options, either use the 32-bit plugin "wrapped" (which is recommended until Adobe officially release the native 64-bit plugin), OR install the alpha 64-bit plugin manually.

Using the 32-bit Plugin

First install the Adobe YUM repository as stated above. Next install the missing dependencies and the plugin:

[you@yourcomputer Download]$ sudo yum install nspluginwrapper.{i586,x86_64} alsa-plugins-pulseaudio.i586

[you@yourcomputer Download]$ sudo yum install flash-plugin

Installing the 64-bit alpha Plugin

Obtain the latest plugin download from Adobe Labs. It will be in the form of a TAR.GZ.

Install the plugin to the Mozilla plugins directory, for example:

[you@yourcomputer Download]$ sudo tar -zxvf libflashplayer-10.0.22.87.linux-x86_64.so.tar.gz -C /usr/lib64/mozilla/plugins

Restart Firefox or any Mozilla browsers.

More information is available on the Fedora Wiki.

Java Runtime Environment

The standard installation of Fedora should install OpenJDK (based off of Sun Java). However if not, it can be installed using YUM:

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo yum install java-1.6.0-openjdk java-1.6.0-openjdk-plugin

With OpenJDK installed, Java application and Web applets should automatically work. Unfortunately some applets may not run properly and the OpenJDK might have some limitations. Majority of user should find OpenJDK perfect for everyday use.

Using Sun Java Instead

If you require Sun Java or if OpenJDK does not work properly, you can download Sun Java and use it in Fedora.

Download the Java package from:

http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads/index.jsp. Always use the latest update.

Select: Java SE Runtime Environment (JRE) 6 Update 14 (the JDK is for developers)

On the next page, for Platform select "Linux" for 32-bit users, and "Linux x64" for 64-bit users.

For Language select "Multi-language". Also accept the license agreement, and hit "Continue".

On the next page, select the RPM option:

Java SE Runtime Environment 6u14
jre-6u14-linux-i586-rpm.bin     19.89 MB  (32-bit users)

jre-6u14-linux-x64-rpm.bin      18.78 MB  (64-bit users) 

To install:

[you@yourcomputer Download]$ sudo sh jre-6u14-linux-i586-rpm.bin

-OR-

[you@yourcomputer Download]$ sudo sh jre-6u14-linux-x64-rpm.bin

You will need to hit 'space' till it reaches the end, then type 'yes'. You should see the RPM installing. If it does not install, manually install it via sudo rpm -ivh.

When running the java command, Fedora will default to using OpenJDK. In order to use Sun Java, use the alternatives command.

To setup the Java runtime, perform the following (applies to both 32-bit and 64-bit users):

[you@yourcomputer Download]$ sudo /usr/sbin/alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/java/default/bin/java 20000

Setup the Mozilla/Firefox browser plugin.

For 32-bit users:

[you@yourcomputer Download]$ sudo /usr/sbin/alternatives --install /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/libjavaplugin.so \

libjavaplugin.so /usr/java/default/plugin/i386/ns7/libjavaplugin_oji.so 20000

For 64-bit users:

[you@yourcomputer Download]$ sudo /usr/sbin/alternatives --install /usr/lib64/mozilla/plugins/libjavaplugin.so \

libjavaplugin.so.x86_64 /usr/java/default/lib/amd64/libnpjp2.so 20000

You may need to restart Firefox to see the plugin take effect.

Note: If you wish to switch back to OpenJDK you can run the following commands one by one to switch between the OpenJDK and Sun Java:

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo /usr/sbin/alternatives --config java

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo /usr/sbin/alternatives --config libjavaplugin.so

(or for 64-bit)

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo /usr/sbin/alternatives --config libjavaplugin.so.x86_64

To update: If you wish update the JRE package, simply download the newest RPM package and install it as above. You will NOT need to reset alternatives, as those settings should remain intact.

Install Adobe Acrobat

To view PDF files, Fedora recommends using either evince or okular. The following is for users requiring Adobce Acrobat Reader:

For yum users:

Install the Adobe YUM repository, and install through yum:

[you@yourcomputer Download]$ sudo rpm -ivh http://linuxdownload.adobe.com/adobe-release/adobe-release-i386-1.0-1.noarch.rpm

[you@yourcomputer Download]$ sudo rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-adobe-linux

[you@yourcomputer Download]$ sudo yum install AdobeReader_enu

NOTE: The above uses the English version: enu. To see which languages are supported by Adobe's YUM repository, run the following command:

[you@yourcomputer Download]$ yum list AdobeReader\*

Other languages are installed similar to english for example: AdobeReader_fra, if you are unsure which package is correct, run:

yum info AdobeReader_fra for more information. Otherwise install manually as described below. (Note: 64-bit users are recommended to use yum to resolve all the 32-bit i386 dependancies.)

For manual installation: For users without yum:

Download Acrobat from: http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2_allversions.html

Select:

Operating system: Linux - x86 (.rpm)

Your language.

The version of Adobe Acrobat Reader currently is 9.1 and the download size may vary depending on your language. Not all languages are supported under Linux or may not have updated versions.

[you@yourcomputer Download]$ su -c 'rpm -ivh AdbeRdr9.1.0-1_i486linux_enu.rpm'

Setup Samba - Filesharing with Windows

If you have other Windows computers on your LAN and want to share files from Linux with them, you must setup Samba.

To setup Samba you must (1) install samba, (2) add you 'shares', (3) add users, (4) start Samba service and (5) manage security options (Firewall and SELinux).

1. Install Samba

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo yum install samba samba-client

2. Add Shares

You must edit /etc/samba/smb.conf as root: (use nano instead of gedit if you do not have a GUI)

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf

Set your Windows Workgroup name in [global] section.

Added shares at the end of the file. Example:

[c_drive]
path = /media/c_drive
public = yes
writable = no
[netshare]
path = /data/
public = yes
writable = yes

If 'writable' the location must be writable in Linux first. Additionally permissions must match (for example: drw-rw-rw-).

If home data (all personal files under /home/username) is to be accessible, then set 'browseable = yes' under [homes] (~line 250). This configuration file is very descriptive, read through it to get more ideas or information.

3. Add Users

To access shares, you must be a valid user. Add valid users AND passwords using the smbpasswd command.

This login name WILL be the login name and password you use from Windows to access your Linux computer. The password does NOT need to match your Linux password.

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo smbpasswd -a username
New SMB password:
Retype new SMB password:
account_policy_get: (warnings ignored)
Added user username.

(Note: 'username' MUST be a valid account on the Fedora machine)

4. Start Samba Service

Run samba and check for any errors:

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo /etc/init.d/smb start

Starting SMB services: [ OK ]

Use chkconfig or serviceconf to enable samba (smb) in both runlevels 3 and 5. This will make sure to run Samba each time Fedora boots.

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ /sbin/chkconfig --list smb

smb 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo /sbin/chkconfig --level 35 smb on

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ /sbin/chkconfig --list smb

smb 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:off 5:on 6:off

Restart Samba for every change to users/passwords or 'smb.conf'

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo /etc/init.d/smb restart

Shutting down SMB services: [ OK ]

Starting SMB services: [ OK ]

5. Managing Security for Samba

Firewall

The Firewall will by default block Samba, to allow access run:

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ system-config-firewall

To allow Samba access to work through the firewall you must set 'Samba' as a 'Trusted Service' and hit 'Apply'. Alternatively if you are only using the shell and do not have access to a graphical X-server, you can run:

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ sudo system-config-firewall-tui

To allow Samba access to work through the firewall, use to go to Customize. In the Trusted Services: scroll down to Samba, hit and use again to go to Close, then finally to OK.

SELinux

SELinux has significant control over restricting different parts of Samba. Run system-config-selinux. Please read lines #23 - #51 in /etc/samba/smb.conf for a better explanation. Alternatively, you can run:

[you@yourcomputer ~]$ system-config-selinux

Go to Boolean and type 'samba' in the Filter (without quotes).

Alternatively, you can ignore SELinux at this point and try to access your shares in Windows and SELinux TroubleShooter should give an automatic pop-up in GNOME explaining what is wrong. If you follow those recommendations you most likely will be more secure.

For any changes made above to the SELinux settings or smb.conf, it is recommended to restart Samba.

Graphical Bootloader - Plymouth

Fedora 10 and newer have replaced the previous graphical bootup system (which used the X-server) with a simpler system please see: Plymouth.

Note: The following is optional.

In order to see the graphical boot, you must enable a mode setting for your video. Most users will find vesafb allows most standard VGA resolutions. Some examples are in Linux Kernel Documentation / fb / vesafb.txt and also here. You must have a proper Kernel mode number. For example I selected: 0x318 for 1024x768x16M resolution on a desktop CRT monitor.

As 'root', edit /boot/grub/grub.conf, and add 'vga=0x318' to the end of the kernel line. For example:

title Fedora (2.6.29.4-167.fc11.x86_64)

root (hd0,8)

kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.29.4-167.fc11.x86_64 ro root=UUID=03cf78c8-8277-4062-bc92-b6b56bb2cb73 rhgb quiet vga=0x318

initrd /boot/initrd-2.6.29.4-167.fc11.x86_64.img

The next time you reboot, you should see the Plymouth graphical booter.

NOTE: You may use vga=ask instead. Follow the instructions you see on the screen and remember the number you used. Replace the number with the proper value in grub.conf as I did above.

NOTE: The resolution you select only applies to the graphical boot. You may use different resolutions/settings when you are using Fedora. It is acceptable to select a lower resolution for booting